论文导读与观点概要
1. 研究目的
为响应“绿色港口”建设需求,解决传统港口化石能源消耗大、深水码头地基承载力不足等问题,本文提出了一种兼做防波堤的圆沉箱与吸力桶整体预制式离岸深水码头结构。该结构创新性地集成了OWC波浪能发电系统,旨在利用码头内部空间实现清洁能源发电。研究旨在通过数值模拟,系统分析前墙入水深度、透平开孔率及入射波高等参数对波能转化效率的影响,以确定最优设计工况,为新型绿色码头的设计提供理论依据。
2. 研究方法
本文采用数值模拟与参数化分析相结合的方法:
3. 主要结果
⚡ 最优效率工况
🌊 参数影响机制
🛡️ 结构安全性
4. 结论
💡 推广语:
这篇文章为离岸深水码头的绿色化转型提供了“一箭双雕”的解决方案。研究证明,这种集成OWC装置的新型码头结构不仅能将波浪能转化为电能(效率近50%),还能大幅削减波浪对结构的冲击力。对于致力于港口节能减排与基础设施安全升级的工程师和决策者而言,这是一项极具应用前景的创新技术。
相关图表










本文引用格式:肖忠, 李子木, 张嘉煜, 等. 集成OWC装置的圆沉箱与吸力桶整体预制式码头的波能转化效率分析[J]. 海洋工程, 2026, 44(2): 161-174. (XIAO Zhong, LI Zimu, ZHANG Jiayu, et al. Wave energy conversion efficiency analysis for circular caisson and suction bucket integral prefabricated wharf structure with OWC[J]. The Ocean Engineering, 2026, 44(2): 161-174. (in Chinese))
作者简介:肖忠

肖忠,天津大学教授,博士生导师。2009年博士毕业留校任教,现为天津大学建筑工程学院港口工程系支部书记、系副主任,海洋科学与技术学院院长助理(实岗锻炼)。入选国家级青年人才、交通运输部人才计划、天津市“131”创新型人才培养工程。兼任世界交通运输大会技术委员会委员,天津市交通运输委员会专家委员会常务委员,天津市水运工程学会理事,中交工程软件技术研发中心技术委员会委员和内河航道整治技术交通运输行业重点实验室学术委员会委员,SCI和SSCI双检国际期刊Sustainability编委,《海洋工程》和《水利水运工程学报》青年编委等。长期从事港航和海洋构筑物的安全性、耐久性和环保智能建设与运维技术研究。作为第一完成人获天津市科学技术进步二等奖,主要完成人获中国水运建设行业协会科学技术特等奖、“海河杯”天津市优秀勘察设计一等奖、天津市科学技术进步二等奖、青岛市科学技术进步二等奖和广东省优秀工程勘察设计一等奖等。
参考文献
1
伍婧, 涂敏, 严新平, 等. 我国海洋港口新能源技术应用发展探析[J]. 中国工程科学, 2024, 26(4): 234-244.
WU J, TU M, YAN X P, et al. Application of new energy technologies in marine ports of China[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2024, 26(4): 234-244. (in Chinese)
2
BURDALL A, WILLIAMSON H. A green port: an engineer’s view[M]. [S.l.]: Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019.
3
刘延俊, 武爽, 王登帅, 等. 海洋波浪能发电装置研究进展[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(5): 63-75.
LIU Y J, WU S, WANG D S, et al. Research progress of ocean wave energy converters[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Engineering Science), 2021, 51(5): 63-75. (in Chinese)
4
BOCCOTTI P. Comparison between a U-OWC and a conventional OWC[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2007, 34(5/6): 799-805.
5
何方, 冷杰. 大直径圆筒型透空堤兼振荡水柱波能发电装置: CN106194558B[P]. 2018-08-14.
HE F, LENG J. Large-diameter circular cartridge type transmission dike and oscillating water column wave energy electric generator: CN106194558B[P]. 2018-08-14. (in Chinese)
6
段自豪, 李玉墩, 张凯, 等. 一种兼具波浪发电和养殖功能的复合式防波堤: 201521092314.5[P]. 2016-05-18.
DUAN Z H, LI Y D, ZHANG K, et al. Combined type breakwater that has wave electricity generation concurrently and breed function: 201521092314.5[P]. 2016-05-18. (in Chinese)
7
ZHUANG Q Z, NING D Z, MAYON R, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation of a land-fixed breakwater-type wave energy converter: an OWC device and a porous plate[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2024, 194: 104614.
8
杨泽华, 李猛, 伍儒康, 等. 振荡水柱波浪能发电技术研究进展[J]. 新能源进展, 2023, 11(4): 381-387.
YANG Z H, LI M, WU R K, et al. Research progress of oscillating water column wave power generation technology[J]. Advances in New and Renewable Energy, 2023, 11(4): 381-387. (in Chinese)
9
欧泽挺, 邓争志, 任翔, 等. 前板可旋转的双垂板结构水动力特性的理论研究[J]. 海洋工程, 2021, 39(2): 98-109.
OU Z T, DENG Z Z, REN X, et al. Hydrodynamic performances of two vertical surface-piercing plates with a pitching front-plate[J]. The Ocean Engineering, 2021, 39(2): 98-109. (in Chinese)
10
史宏达, 焦建辉, 刘臻, 等. 不规则波作用下OWC沉箱气室捕能效果研究[J]. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 141-148.
SHI H D, JIAO J H, LIU Z, et al. Study on energy capture effect of air chamber of caisson breaker as OWC under irregular waves[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2012, 42(Suppl1): 141-148. (in Chinese)
11
曲铭, 于定勇, 王世林, 等. 前墙结构对OWC气室捕能效果影响的数值研究[J]. 海岸工程, 2020, 39(2): 111-118.
QU M, YU D Y, WANG S L, et al. Numerical study on the influence of front wall structure on energy capture effect of OWC chamber[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2020, 39(2): 111-118. (in Chinese)
12
NADER J R, ZHU S P, COOPER P, et al. A finite-element study of the efficiency of arrays of oscillating water column wave energy converters[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2012, 43: 72-81.
13
万祥. 不同波能转换装置气室工作性能比较研究[D]. 烟台: 鲁东大学, 2022.
WAN X. Comparative study on the performance of different wave energy conversion device[D]. Yantai: Ludong University, 2022. (in Chinese)
14
秦辉, 王永学, 王国玉. 带收缩水道的沉箱防波堤兼OWC装置结构形式的研究[J]. 水运工程, 2013(8): 52-56.
QIN H, WANG Y X, WANG G Y. On caisson breakwater with contracted channel and OWC modeling[J]. Port & Waterway Engineering, 2013(8): 52-56. (in Chinese)
15
MANDEV M B, ALTUNKAYNAK A. Advanced efficiency improvement of a sloping wall oscillating water column via a novel streamlined chamber design[J]. Energy, 2022, 259: 124927.
16
MANDEV M B, ÇELIK A, ALTUNKAYNAK A. Maximizing oscillating water column efficiency: the impact of vertical plate and guide vane[J]. Energy, 2024, 308: 132901.
17
XIAO Z, MA T, WANG H W, et al. Investigation of soil heaving and penetration resistance of bucket foundation with inner bucket and cruciform skirts[J]. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 2023, 11(5): 996.
18
左大伟, 肖忠. 吸力桶与圆沉箱整体预制式新型离岸深水码头[J]. 水运工程, 2022(11): 56-61.
ZUO D W, XIAO Z. A new type of entirely prefabricated offshore deep-water wharf composed by suction bucket foundations and circular caissons[J]. Port & Waterway Engineering, 2022(11): 56-61. (in Chinese)
19
SARMENTO A J N A. Wave flume experiments on two-dimensional oscillating water column wave energy devices[J]. Experiments in Fluids, 1992, 12(4): 286-292.
20
JOHN ASHLIN S, SUNDAR V, SANNASIRAJ S A. Effects of bottom profile of an oscillating water column device on its hydrodynamic characteristics[J]. Renewable Energy, 2016, 96: 341-353.
21
MAHNAMFAR F, ALTUNKAYNAK A. Comparison of numerical and experimental analyses for optimizing the geometry of OWC systems[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2017, 130: 10-24.
22
REZANEJAD K, SOUTO-IGLESIAS A, GUEDES SOARES C. Experimental investigation on the hydrodynamic performance of an L-shaped duct oscillating water column wave energy converter[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2019, 173: 388-398.
23
ITURRIOZ A, GUANCHE R, LARA J L, et al. Validation of OpenFOAM® for oscillating water column three-dimensional modeling[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2015, 107: 222-236.
24
ITURRIOZ A, GUANCHE R, ARMESTO J A, et al. Time-domain modeling of a fixed detached oscillating water column towards a floating multi-chamber device[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2014, 76: 65-74.
25
GONÇALVES R A A C, TEIXEIRA P R F, DIDIER E, et al. Numerical analysis of the influence of air compressibility effects on an oscillating water column wave energy converter chamber[J]. Renewable Energy, 2020, 153: 1183-1193.
26
SHENG W N, ALCORN R, LEWIS A. On thermodynamics in the primary power conversion of oscillating water column wave energy converters[J]. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2013, 5(2): 023105.
27
SHENG W N, LEWIS A. Wave energy conversion of oscillating water column devices including air compressibility[J]. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2016, 8(5): 054501.
28
LI X Y, YU Z, QU H L, et al. Experimental study on the aerodynamic performance and wave energy capture efficiency of square and curved OWC wave energy conversion devices[J]. Sustainability, 2023, 15(6): 4963.
29
ELHANAFI A, KIM C J. Experimental and numerical investigation on wave height and power take-off damping effects on the hydrodynamic performance of an offshore-stationary OWC wave energy converter[J]. Renewable Energy, 2018, 125: 518-528.
30
BABAJANI A, JAFARI M, HAFEZISEFAT P, et al. Parametric study of a wave energy converter (Searaser) for Caspian Sea[J]. Energy Procedia, 2018, 147: 334-342.
31
中华人民共和国交通运输部. 港口与航道水文规范: JTS 145—2015[S]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2015.
Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China. Code of hydrology for harbour and waterway: JTS 145—2015[S]. Beijing: China Communications Press, 2015. (in Chinese)
32
XIAO Z, LI Z M, ZHANG J Y, et al. Hydrodynamic analysis of a novel prefabricated permeable eco-friendly wharf with multi-compartment suction buckets and perforated circular caissons serving as breakwater[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2025, 341: 122549.
33
中华人民共和国交通运输部. 防波堤与护岸设计规范: JTS 154—2018[S]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2018.
Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China. Code of design for breakwaters and revetments: JTS 154—2018[S]. Beijing: China Communications Press, 2018. (in Chinese)
END
期刊简介
本刊是全国中文核心期刊,中国科技核心期刊,《中国科学引文数据库》(CSCD)核心期刊,CSCIED科技核心期刊,美国《剑桥科学文摘》(CSA)、日本科学技术振兴机构数据库(JST)、科技期刊世界影响力指数(WJCI)等收录期刊,中国科技论文统计源期刊等。
先后荣获中国国际影响力优秀学术期刊、国家级优秀海洋期刊、学术影响力进步期刊、第八届华东地区优秀期刊、江苏期刊明珠奖·优秀期刊(2025)、中国科技期刊卓越行动计划二期集群(集团)化试点项目(A类)集群期刊、中国科协高水平中文期刊培育项目资助等荣誉。
联系方式
地址:江苏省南京市鼓楼区虎踞关34号《海洋工程》编辑部
邮箱:oe@nhri.cn
电话:025-85829332
关注我们

期刊公众号

期刊官网

作者QQ交流群